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Gully Erosion and Landslides in Southeastern Nigeria: Causes, Consequences and Control Measures

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  Abstract In southeastern Nigeria, soil and gully erosion and landslides are responsible for the widespread destructions of human, animal and plant lives, domestic, industrial and commercial property, transportation and communication systems, degradation of arable lands, contamination of surface and groundwater supplies, isolation of settlements and migration of communities. This account presents some of the results of research and studies of gully erosion and landslides carried out over the years in parts of southeastern States of Abia, Anambra, Enugu, Ebonyi and Imo States. Gully erosion is attributed to natural and anthropogenic causes, with the latter being most prevalent. Gully initiation is the result of localized erosion by surface runoff and soil eluviation associated with rainfall events of high intensity. Erosion is frequently concentrated where the forest cover has been removed for agricultural, urbanization and construction purposes and also at sites of u...

Global Impact of Corrosion: Occurrence, Cost and Mitigation

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 Abstract In atmospheric conditions, most of the metals and alloys are unstable and prone to corrosion. The corrosion potentially affects industrial equipment, reduce the shelf life of the infrastructure assets and the quality of the environment. Therefore, it is essential to control the corrosion to save considerable expenses in materials, equipment, and structure. This review article provides a brief overview and impact of corrosion, recent incidence related to corrosion, incurred cost, and mitigation methods of corrosion. Read More About This Article:  https://irispublishers.com/gjes/fulltext/global-impact-of-corrosion-occurrence-cost-and-mitigation.ID.000618.php Read More About Iris Publishers Google Scholar Articles:  https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=Pg5EyE0AAAAJ&citation_for_view=Pg5EyE0AAAAJ:QYdC8u9Cj1oC

Importance of technology acceptance assessment for successful implementation and development of new technologies

Introduction It is significant to note that user acceptance and confidence are crucial for further development of any new technology [1,2]. Businesses have facilitated or planning to facilitate their business platform to increase personnel efficiency, marketing improvement, cost reduction and increase profitability. Therefore, recognition the needs and acceptance of individuals is the beginning stage of any businesses and this understanding would be helpful to find the way of future development [3-5]. In general, acceptance is defined as “an antagonism to the term refusal and means the positive decision to use an innovation” [6-8]. Decision makers need to know the issues that influence on users’ decision to use a particular system, so they would be able to take them into account during the development phase [7,8]. Several researches developed theories and models to describe and analyze user acceptance and each of these models determines different factors to explain user acceptance ...

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  Increasing Durability of Weak Lime Mortars Using Saturated Solution of Calcium Hydroxide or Barium Hydroxide, Aachen City Wall, Germany, Case Study Authored by Serdar Koltuk Introduction Lime mortars have been broadly used in the Medieval period in building as it has been considered as friendly mortar to the building stones as well as to the environment. Chester City walls at Chester City, UK as well as other Medieval structures had been built from natural sandstone blocks cemented with such hydraulic lime mortar [1]. Not only that but also the ancient Medieval Aachen City walls, Germany have also been built from fine grained sandstone cemented with such type of mortars [2]. Recently, such type of mortars become week and easily weathered by the severe and aggressive weathering processes (particularly salts created from acid rains, de-icing salt ...etc.) acting on all building materials [2-5]. Increasing durability of such weak mortars using some additives becomes a must. Unf...

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  Biological Processes In Urban Mines Authored by Navarro Hidalgo Keywords: Critical elements; Microorganisms; Urban mines; Biological processes; Recycling Introduction The innovation and development of high technology have demanded the exploration of some chemical elements in greater quantity. These elements have physicochemical properties of high economic interest. Some countries have larger amounts of the reserves of these elements, creating an imbalance in world supply. An example of the use of these materials are rare earth elements widely used in equipment with greater energy efficiency and magnets in wind generators. They are also present in increasingly modern computers, cell phones and televisions. Given this reality, thiswork proposes to recover critical elements from alternative sources (electronic waste - REE) using a biological process as a tool for  solubilization of waste elements with subsequent recovery. The proposed technique is bio-hydrometallurgy, already...

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  Study Regarding Input Data Consideration (Required Accelerograms) for Experimental Test of The Optimal Moment Resisting (MR) Reinforced Concrete(RC) Frame Model on The Seismic Platform Authored by Sococol Ion A significant number of reinforced concrete (RC) frame models have been studied for seismic (ductile) performance purpose through nonlinear static analyses (using ATENA software). In these conditions, it was chosen the optimal models for experimental test on the seismic platform. In next stage, it was used the existing pushover curves to establish the ground acceleration values for five performance requirements (objectives). Thus, it was generated for each performance requirement an artificial accelerogram with which optimal RC frame model can be tested on the seismic platform. Consequently, it will be possible to study the complex cracking mechanism and failure/ split/ rupture/ expulsion material process of the RC frame model at each experimental test for either performanc...

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  CUDA-based Accelerated FEM Calculation Authored by Cankun Zheng The Finite Element Method (FEM) had been widely used in engineering applications. There are two bottleneck issues in the FEM calculation. The first one is how to minimize computer memory demand so that to be able to run large-scale simulations using limited computational resources. The second one is how to carry out simulation as fast as possible to complete a large-scale simulation job. A standard finite element analysis always results in solving simultaneous linear equations. Overall, a global stiffness matrix of a finite element simulation often has sparse, symmetric, and positive definite characteristics. To overcome the first issue, we proposed integrating and storing stiffness matrix using the Compressed Sparse Row (CSR) format in this paper. We proposed to carry out parallel computing to solve simultaneous equations using the cuBlAS, cuSPARSE, and cuSOLVER libraries on the Compute Unified Device Architecture ...