Iris Publishers Journal Of Engineering Sciences

  Research Challenges for Nigerian Road Transportation Sector in Covid-19 Pandemic Era Authored by Danladi Slim Matawal   Introduction The growing number of studies on the impact of COVID-19 is often chosen in the context of developed countries, highlighting a gap in the understanding of how the pandemic is impacting developing countries. There is need to acknowledge the effect/ impact on transportation in emerging economies where lockdowns and restrictions on movement may not be wholly ineffective but even more suited to the level of psychological response of the people. There is not just poor transportation infrastructure but also lack of a clearly defined transportation system that is effectively managed and regulated by operators while the economy is largely informal. The outbreak of the COVID-19 coronavirus was deemed a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11th March 2020. To date, there have been cases confirmed in at least 203 countries, areas or territ...

  On Computational Modeling and Analysis of Transonic Aerodynamics Authored by Jun Yu Introduction There has been considerable amount of researches conducted on the studies of transonic aerodynamics due to its use in airplane wing design. Using a general theory of expansion procedures, transonic flow past slender bodies and thin wings is investigated [1]. Asymptotic expansions with appropriate limiting procedures reduce the full equations to an approximation involving the steady transonic small-disturbance (TSD) equation. Expansion procedures of thin airfoil theory at various Mach numbers can be found in Section 5.3 of [2]. The TSD equation is mathematically interesting as the freestream Mach number approaching to unity it becomes a partial differential equation of mixed type (elliptic and hyperbolic). This creates a challenge for obtaining solution of the equation. There are several theoretical and computational methods based on the hodograph method. A series of interesting res...

The Contribution of Sedimentological Studies to River Engineering Projects in Khuzestan Province, Iran Authored by A Barjasteh Introduction Khuzestan Province in the southwest of Iran has the longest and largest rivers of the country (Figure 1). Accordingly, river engineering studies including sedimentological and geomorphological investigations are of especial concern in the province. Erosion and weathering of easily erodible geological formations particularly evaporitic ones in the region is a significant problem that could affect the projects. This is due to the impact of erosion on river morphology. However, most of these studies are concentrated on hydraulic aspects of sedimentation and little has been devoted to sedimentary geology of river sediments. In this regard some of the related projects related could not attain their forecasted aims. Geological Setting The Zagros Fold Belt in the northeast of the Persian Gulf is a branch of the Alpine-Himalayan Orogenic belt divide...

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Disturbances of Ozone Layer and Radio Wave Absorption in D-Region of Ionosphere of the Earth During Solar Proton Event: Simulations with СHARM-I Model Authored by Alexei Krivolutsky As it is well known [1], the high-energy solar particles (mainly solar protons), with an energy of several to 500 MeV, enter into the Earth’s stratosphere and mesosphere only in polar regions. For the first time the sharp decrease of the ozone and ion content in e stratosphere was detected on board the American Nimbus-4 satellite in course of one of the strongest flares on the Sun (August 4, 1972) [2]. As the theoretical analysis has shown, the highenergy particles intrusion in polar atmosphere produced oxides of nitrogen (NOx), hydrogen (HOx), and some ions, which destroy ozone in catalytic chemical cycles and increases electron density in polar region. Important steps were made with satellite missions NASA UARS (with HALOE instrument) and European ENVISAT (with MIPAS instrument). Basing on the ENVISAT me...

Continuous Orbital Winding of Thermoplastic FRPs Authored by Rainer Wallasch   In order to satisfy the requirements of functionality and energy and material efficiency, the reduction of moving masses in transportation systems (e.g. cars, trains, electric vehicles) is of crucial importance. The comparatively low masses, high specific strength and the opportunity for large-scale production of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics are showing great potential for industrial applications. One part of the federal cluster of excellence MERGE Exc1075 “technology fusion for multifunctional lightweight structures”, was focusing on the development of the novel technological concepts. As a result, a technology for continuous generation of structural components with convex or concave surfaces was realized by applying an inverted winding process. For the validation of this technology, a pilot plant was developed and tested. The layer structure is realized by welding the fiber reinforced thermoplastic...

  IrisPublishers Elicitation, A Mechanistic Approach to Change the Metabolic Pathway of Plants to Produce Pharmacological Important Compounds in  In-vitro  Cell Cultures Authored   by Muhammad Naeem Bajwa Abstract Plant’s secondary metabolites, produced usually under stress, are one of the promising sources for food additives, pharmaceuticals, food flavors and other industrial materials. The comprehensive probing of metabolite’s production mechanism, stress signal transduction pathway, would be great push toward in commercial production. Higher plants inevitably encounter stresses and sustain themselves by producing various secondary metabolites which, the secondary metabolites, have various industrial application that’s why are promising candidates for commercialization. Due to certain limitations of natural plant extraction, plant cell/tissue culture is considered a best alternative way for in-vitro production of bioactive secondary metabolites. Elicitation ca...